基于生态环境质量水平波动的中国沿海城市生态韧性时空分异

Spatial and temporal differentiation of ecological resilience in coastal citiesbased on fluctuations in ecological environment quality levels

中文关键词:  生态韧性  中国沿海城市  抵抗力  恢复力  谷歌地球引擎

英文关键词:ecological resilience  coastal cities in China  resistance  recoverability  Google Earth Engine

中文摘要:

      提升城市生态韧性是缓解沿海地区“人-地”矛盾的关键思路，基于过程的测度方式指标简洁、时效性高，为海岸带地区城市生态韧性的研究提供了新的方法。获取并处理大气和植被遥感数据，构造生态环境质量水平复合指数，测度2000－2023年生态环境波动变化情况，基于此测算不同发展阶段抵抗力和恢复力的时空分异特征。研究发现：①研究区内生态环境质量水平呈“U型”波动，这一波动过程可以划分为抵抗期、恢复期和优化期三个阶段，各城市随时间波动可分为三种类型且以“U型”最常见。②生态环境质量及其变化程度在海陆位置、河海位置以及海岸带不同区段存在显著分异，2016－2023年生态环境质量提升幅度最大。③大多数城市生态韧性水平组合表现为“强抵抗力与弱恢复力”或者“弱恢复力和强抵抗力”这两种类型，抵抗力与恢复力常表现出负相关关系，生态环境本身通过适应与调整，当前阶段韧性水平由高到低的空间格局呈现出以下五个梯度：长江三角洲城市>黄海沿岸、渤海南部沿岸城市>海南省沿海城市、东海沿岸城市>南海沿岸城市、台湾省沿海城市>渤海湾北部沿岸城市。

英文摘要:

      Enhancing urban ecological resilience is a key approach to alleviating the "human-land" contradiction in coastal areas. The methodology of process-based measurement is characterized by its simplicity of indicators and prompt applicability, which offers an innovative approach to assessing the ecological resilience of coastal cities. This study focuses on acquiring and processing atmospheric and vegetation remote sensing data to construct a composite index reflecting the level of ecological environment quality. By analyzing the fluctuations in ecological environment quality from 2000 to 2023, the study aims to elucidate the spatiotemporal differentiation in resistance and resilience across various stages of development. Our research reveals that the ecological environment quality within the study area exhibits a "U-shaped" curve over time, which can be segmented into three distinct phases: a resistance period, a recovery period, and an optimization period. It is further observed that cities can be classified into three fluctuation types over time, with the "U-shaped" pattern prevailing as the most common. Moreover, the degree of ecological environment quality and its rate of change exhibit significant variability across different sections categorized by their sea-land position, river-sea relation, and coastal zone distinction, with the most notable improvements in ecological environment quality occurring between 2016 and 2023. Additionally, the analysis of ecological resilience levels across most cities indicates the existence of two primary patterns: "strong resistance yet weak recoverability" and "weak resistance yet strong recoverability". A negative correlation often manifests between resistance and resilience, highlighting the ecological environment's inherent capacity for adaptation and adjustment. Presently, the spatial distribution of resilience levels, from the highest to the lowest, delineates the following five gradients: cities in the Yangtze River Delta > cities along the Yellow Sea and the southern coast of the Bohai Sea > coastal cities in Hainan Province or the East China Sea > coastal cities in the South China Sea, coastal cities in Taiwan Province>coastal cities in the northern part of the Bohai Bay.