基于核酸适配体的麻痹性贝类毒素生物传感器研究进展

Advances in aptamer-based biosensors for paralytic shellfish toxins

中文关键词:  海洋生态安全  核酸适配体  麻痹性贝类毒素  电化学传感  光学传感

英文关键词:paralytic shellfish toxins

中文摘要:

      麻痹性贝类毒素 （ Paralytic Shellfish Toxins ， PSTs ） 是全球近海污染中分布最广、危害最大的一类藻毒 素，严重威胁海洋生态安全和人类健康，快速灵敏地检测环境和海产品中的 PSTs 至关重要。目前常用的检测方 法存在仪器设备昂贵、操作步骤烦琐、检测耗时长等问题，不能满足现场快速检测的需求。基于核酸适配体的 生物传感器因其具有操作简单、灵敏、便携等优点，在 PSTs 检测方面展现出良好的应用前景。本文系统综述了 近年来 PSTs 核酸适配体传感器的研究进展，介绍了基于不同信号传导机制的 PSTs 检测手段，探讨了核酸适配 体技术用于 PSTs 检测的发展趋势，为进一步开发核酸适配体传感器用于 PSTs 检测提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Paralytic Shellfish Toxins (PSTs) are the most widely distributed and hazardous class of algal toxins in global offshore pollution, posing a serious threat to marine ecological security and human health. Rapid and sensitive detection of PSTs in the environment and seafood is of critical importance. At present, the commonly used methods require expensive instruments, complicated operation steps, time-consuming testing, and cannot meet the needs of rapid on-site detection. Aptamer-based biosensors show great promise for PSTs detection, due to their simplicity, sensitivity and portability. In this paper, we systematically review the research progress of aptamer-based biosensors for the detection of PSTs in recent years. The techniques of PSTs detection based on different signaling mechanisms are introduced. In addition, the development trend of aptamer technology for detecting PSTs is discussed to provide a reference for the further development of aptamer-based sensors for PSTs detection.