基于环境DNA技术的海南环岛旅游公路红树林保护修复效果评估或评价

Assessment of the protection and restoration effects of mangroves along the hainan island tourism highway based on environmental DNA technology

中文关键词:  海水质量  生物多样性  滨海湿地  生态旅游

英文关键词:sea quality  biodiversity  coastal wetland  blue carbon  ecotourism

中文摘要:

      海南环岛旅游公路推动了经济发展，促进了旅游业繁荣，加强了文化交流，改善了当地居民的生活条件和社会福利。在环岛旅游公路的建设过程中，尽可能避让红树林，但在某些不可避让的区域，不得不穿越红树林，并对其进行移植和修复。本研究引入环境DNA技术，检测了海南铺头兰大桥区域天然红树林和修复红树林区的水环境质量和生物多样性。研究结果显示，天然红树林区的温度、浊度和叶绿素浓度低于修复红树林区，而盐度、溶解氧和电导率等指标高于修复红树林区。环境DNA技术共检测出831种生物，其中硅藻的种类最多，共141种，占总采集物种的17%。天然红树林和修复红树林区的Alpha指数无显著差异。冗余分析表明，影响红树林生物群落结构的主要环境因子是温度。本研究表明，修复红树林在生物多样性特征上与天然红树林具有一定相似性。本研究探讨了环境DNA技术在红树林修复中生物多样性监测和效果评价的可行性，为红树林湿地生态环境保护和可持续发展提供了技术支撑。

英文摘要:

      The Hainan Island Ring Road has driven economic development, boosted tourism, enhanced cultural exchange, and improved the living conditions and social welfare of local residents. During the construction of the Ring Road, efforts were made to avoid mangrove forests whenever possible. However, in areas where avoidance was not feasible, the road had to traverse mangrove forests, necessitating their transplantation and restoration. This study employed environmental DNA (eDNA) technology to assess the water quality and biodiversity of natural and restored mangroves in the vicinity of the Puto Lan Bridge in Hainan. The results indicated that the natural mangroves exhibited lower temperature, turbidity, and chlorophyll concentrations compared to the restored mangroves, while salinity, dissolved oxygen, and conductivity were higher. eDNA analysis detected a total of 831 species, with Diatomsbeing the most abundant, comprising 141 species and accounting for 17% of the total species collected. There was no significant difference in the alpha diversity indices between the natural and restored mangroves. Redundancy analysis revealed that temperature was the primary environmental factor influencing the structure of the mangrove biotic community. This study demonstrates that restored mangroves exhibit certain similarities to natural mangroves in terms of biodiversity characteristics. It quantitatively evaluates the feasibility of using eDNA technology for monitoring biodiversity and conducting environmental assessments in mangrove restoration, providing a scientific basis for the conservation and sustainable development of mangrove wetland ecosystems.