海洋资源视角下海洋经济安全研究

Research on Marine Economic Security from the Perspectiveof Marine Resources

中文关键词:  海洋资源  经济安全  MES-PSR评价指标体系  海洋经济

英文关键词:marine resource assets  economic security  MES-PSR evaluation system  marine economy

中文摘要:

      为科学评估中国海洋资源经济安全水平，本文基于 2007－2020 年中国 11 个沿海省份的面板数据， 采用 MES-PSR 评价指标体系，从经济环境压力 （P）、资源环境状态 （S）、社会环境响应 （R） 这三个方面 构建海洋资源经济安全指标评价体系，并在此基础上采用静态面板数据分析影响海洋资源经济安全水平的 相关因素。研究发现：第一，中国海洋资源经济安全水平波动较大，近几年指数逐年稳步上升，又回到平 稳上升状态。第二，各省份在海洋经济安全水平上呈现不均衡发展的趋势，一些省份能够更好地利用其海 洋资源和地理优势 （例如山东和广东），而另一些省份则可能需要进一步加强海洋政策的制定和执行。第 三，政府管理程度和地方政府相关的财政支出对海洋资源经济安全具有显著正向影响，而人口结构变化 （尤其是社会总抚养比的上升）、人均 GDP 增长和严格的环境规制则展现出负向影响。此外，城镇化进程和 教育水平对海洋资源经济安全也呈现出积极的影响。本研究进一步在地区层面进行细化分析，发现在不同 的海洋经济圈中，这些因素的影响存在显著差异。例如，政府治理在东部和南部海洋经济圈中尤为重要， 而人口结构在东部海洋经济圈中的负面影响更加突出。这一发现强调了因地制宜的政策制定的重要性。

英文摘要:

      To scientifically assess the level of marine resource economic security in China, this study uses panel data from 11 coastal provinces between 2007 and 2020. An evaluation system based on the MES-PSR framework is established, considering three dimensions: economic environmental pressure (P), resource environmental status (S), and social environmental response (R). Static panel data analysis is then conducted to explore the factors influencing marine resource economic security. The findings show that: 1) The level of marine resource economic security in China fluctuates significantly, with the index steadily rising in recent years, returning to a stable upward trend. 2) The development of marine economic security across provinces is uneven, with some provinces, such as Shandong and Guangdong, better utilizing their marine resources and geographic advantages, while others may need to enhance marine policy formulation and implementation. 3) Government management and local fiscal expenditure have a significant positive impact on marine resource economic security, while changes in population structure (especially the rising dependency ratio), per capita GDP growth, and stringent environmental regulations have negative effects. Additionally, urbanization and education levels show positive influences on marine resource economic security. A regional-level analysis reveals significant differences in the impact of these factors across marine economic zones. For instance, government management is particularly important in the eastern and southern marine economic zones, while the negative impact of population structure is more pronounced in the eastern zone. This emphasizes the need for tailored policy-making.